Sexual Health
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
About PCOS
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) occurs when the ovaries produce androgen in high amounts than required causing a hormonal imbalance. This gets in the way of the development and release of eggs. Some eggs then develop into cysts i.e little sacs filled with liquid. These cysts are not released during ovulation, build up in the ovaries and sometimes, even increase in size. Polycystic means many cysts. PCOS is a disorder of the endocrine and metabolic systems.
You are diagnosed with PCOS if you have at least two of the following:
- Irregular menstrual cycle
- Your blood test reveals higher levels of androgen (male hormones) or signs of excess androgen such as acne or excessive hair growth
- Cysts in one or both ovaries, though many women may not have cysts. Note that these cysts are harmless
Physical Symptoms
- Irregular periods
- Heaving bleeding
- Hair growth on the face and body
- Acne
- Weight gain
- Headaches
Psychological Symptoms
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Mood swings
- Eating disorder
Causes
While the exact cause of PCOS is not known, some of the factors that cause PCOS are as below –
- Genes – some studies show that PCOS runs in families and it's likely that several genes contribute to it
- Insulin resistance - the pancreas produces insulin which controls the way your body processes sugar. Insulin resistance means your body doesn’t process insulin in the right manner leading to higher sugar levels in your blood
- Inflammation – your body has increased levels of inflammation. Being overweight also contributes to inflammation
Treatment
Your gynaecologist will chart out the best treatment for you based on your symptoms, medical history and other health conditions
